Main Article Content
Abstract
The widespread misuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), posing a significant global health threat. These resistant pathogens render previously effective treatments ineffective, potentially resulting in extended hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and mortality. As the threat of antibiotic resistance intensifies, there is an urgent need to discover novel antimicrobial agents. Natural products are of particular interest due to their diverse bioactive properties and lower likelihood of inducing resistance. Plecospermum spinosum, a plant with traditional medicinal uses, has shown promise in combating microbial infections. This study investigates the antimicrobial potential of Plecospermum spinosum extract. Leaves were collected, extracted using a hydroalcoholic solvent, and subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial testing against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The analysis revealed the presence of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, and terpenoids. The extracts demonstrated inhibition zones measuring 6 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 10 mm against Escherichia coli. These findings suggest that Plecospermum spinosum possesses significant potential for inhibiting microbial growth.
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References
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- 2. World Health Organization. (2021). Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/antimicrobial-resistance/global-action-plan
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- 6. Kumar, S., Gupta, P., & Sharma, R. (2021). Natural extracts as a defense against pathogens: A review. Phytotherapy Research, 35(12), 678-690.
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- 9. Aly MM, Gumgumjee NM. Antimicrobial efficacy of Rheum palmatum, Curcuma longa and Alpinia officinarum extracts against some pathogenic microorganisms. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011; 10(56):12058-63.
- 10. Pushparaj A, Vinothkanna A, Ma Yongkun and Arivalagan P. Phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Plecospermum spinosum Trecul. Process Biochemistry. 2021; 100(6):107-116.
- 11. G Sumithira, A Ashma, H Rajamathanky, V Kavya, KM Riyas.A review on ethanobotanical uses and pharmacology of plecospermum spinosumInt. J. of Res. in Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics, 2017; 6 (1): 45-49
References
1. Boucher, H. W., Guleria, D., Razonable, J., &Tartalkov, S. V. (2013). Antibacterial resistance: a global threat. The Lancet, 382(9894), 1370-1383.
2. World Health Organization. (2021). Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/antimicrobial-resistance/global-action-plan
3. Newman, D. J., & Cragg, G. M. (2020). Natural products as sources of new drugs over the nearly four decades from 1981 to 2019. Journal of Natural Products, 83(3), 770-803.
4. Smith, J., Lee, H., & Wong, R. (2019). Traditional medicinal uses of Plescospermum Spinosum: An ethnobotanical review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 233, 123-135.
5. Jones, A., & Brown, P. (2022). Mechanisms of action of natural antimicrobial agents. Journal of Natural Products, 85(3), 456-469.
6. Kumar, S., Gupta, P., & Sharma, R. (2021). Natural extracts as a defense against pathogens: A review. Phytotherapy Research, 35(12), 678-690.
7. Tebabal Kebede, G. Phytochemical investigation, and assessment of antibacterial activities of Calpurnia aurea root bark. Nat. Prod. Chem. Res., 2021; 9:383.
8. Bartner A, Pfeiffer KP, Bartner H. Applicability of disc diffusion methods required by the pharmacopoeias for testing antibacterial activity of natural compounds. Pharmazie. 1994; 49: 512–516.
9. Aly MM, Gumgumjee NM. Antimicrobial efficacy of Rheum palmatum, Curcuma longa and Alpinia officinarum extracts against some pathogenic microorganisms. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011; 10(56):12058-63.
10. Pushparaj A, Vinothkanna A, Ma Yongkun and Arivalagan P. Phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Plecospermum spinosum Trecul. Process Biochemistry. 2021; 100(6):107-116.
11. G Sumithira, A Ashma, H Rajamathanky, V Kavya, KM Riyas.A review on ethanobotanical uses and pharmacology of plecospermum spinosumInt. J. of Res. in Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics, 2017; 6 (1): 45-49