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Abstract
Corallocarpus epigaeus (Rottl.) Hook.f., a medicinal plant belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, has been traditionally used to treat various ailments, including dysentery, rheumatism, syphilis, venereal diseases, and snake bites. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile of the hydroalcoholic extract of its rhizome (HAECE) using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) to identify bioactive compounds and their potential pharmacological properties. Rhizomes were collected, authenticated, processed into a coarse powder, and extracted with a hydroalcoholic solvent (75:25). GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of ninety-five phytoconstituents, including cyclopentanol, 3-methyl-, neophytadiene, n-hexadecanoic acid, ergosterol peroxide, and various glucopyranosides. Identified compounds exhibited diverse biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, anthelmintic, antiviral, antifungal, and larvicidal properties. The results highlight the plant’s potential as a source of pharmacologically significant molecules and provide a scientific basis for its traditional uses. Further studies, including bioassay-guided isolation and in vivo evaluations, are warranted to validate and explore its therapeutic potential.