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Sep 2, 2024
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Sep 2, 2024
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Abstract

Peptic ulcers are lesions that pierce the lining of the stomach or duodenum and cause excruciating pain as well as possible problems. An overabundance of acid production or pepsin activity causes them. Symptoms include epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and bloating, which are associated with age, smoking, H. pylori infection, and NSAID use. Diagnosis includes clinical suspicion confirmed through Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), barium swallow, H. pylori tests, and biopsy. Antibiotics are often used to eliminate H. pylori and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to minimize acid production. Preventive methods focus on reducing lifestyle risk factors such as nutrition, stress, smoking, and alcohol consumption, as well as employing drugs to protect the stomach lining. Complications of untreated peptic ulcer disease (PUD) include upper gastrointestinal bleeding, gastric outlet obstruction, perforation, and an increased risk of gastric cancer. Despite advances in medical knowledge and treatments, such as targeted antibiotics and PPIs, early diagnosis and intervention remain crucial for effective management and improved outcomes. Ongoing research aims to enhance prevention strategies and develop more effective therapies to reduce the global burden of peptic ulcers. Recent advancements in the treatment and management of peptic ulcers have significantly enhanced patient outcomes and reduced recurrence rates. The development of more effective proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the use of targeted antibiotic therapies to eradicate H. pylori have been pivotal. Additionally, innovative diagnostic techniques, such as more accurate and non-invasive H. pylori testing methods, have improved early detection and treatment. Research into the genetic factors influencing ulcer development and the role of the microbiome in gut health is also paving the way for personalized treatment approaches, promising even better management of peptic ulcer disease in the future.

Keywords

Peptic ulcers H. pylori proton pump inhibitors Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Article Details

How to Cite
G. Supriya Reddy, Mamatha Atmakoor, V.V Rajesham, & T. Rama Rao. (2024). A brief review on the exploration of peptic ulcers. International Journal of Research in Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics, 13(3), 317-324. Retrieved from https://ijrpp.com/ijrpp/article/view/562
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