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Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a slowly progressive disease which is characterized by airflow obstruction mainly caused by bronchitis. Our study focused on the scenario of COPD in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A cross sectional, prospective, observational & spontaneous reported study was carried out on all patients with COPD belonging to either gender and all ages, who were receiving treatment during study, from National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh. A case report form (CRF) comprised of questions was prepared for this study. The data obtained from this study were entered into computer and were analysed and presented by using GraphPad Prism. During the study, a total of 583 COPD patients were enrolled. Most of the COPD patients were within the age of 46-75 years and 98.0% of them were male. Two-third of the total COPD patients were advised to perform multiple diagnostic tests and 78% of the patients were diagnosed by the sputum test to determine the presence of microorganism and 83% patients were not diagnosed based on spirometry. Most of the COPD patients in this study were found to suffer from chest tightness (72%), shortness of breath (100%), shortness of breath during exercise (97%) and they perceived that when cold attacks it goes to the chest of the patients (97%). Our findings have revealed that 37% patients were taking beta agonist medication (salbutamol), 29% patients were taking long-acting anti-cholinergic medication, 100% of the patients were using a combination inhaler, 61% patients were using inhaled corticosteroids, 38% patients were taking prednisone, and 92% patients received three or more antibiotics. Doctors should be more aware to diagnose COPD patients by the application of spirometry test and frequent prescription of antibiotics should be taken into account to preclude the chance of developing antibiotic resistance.
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References
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- [2]. Yvonne N, Ochsner and Klaus F R, ‘Systemic Manifestations of COPD’, American College of Chest Physicians. 2011, 1-5.
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References
[1]. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), ‘Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease’, 2nd Conference of GOLD, 9-10, 2006, 17, 61-73.
[2]. Yvonne N, Ochsner and Klaus F R, ‘Systemic Manifestations of COPD’, American College of Chest Physicians. 2011, 1-5.
[3]. John D M, David A M & William M, ‘Cardiovascular risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease’. Asian Pacific Society of Respirology. 2007.
[4]. Rizkallah J and Don D S, ‘Effecting positive outcomes through positive pressure ventilation in COPD’, Asian Pacific Society of Respirology. 2010, 3-7.
[5]. Rahman M M, 2007. ‘COPD-Bangladesh Perspectives’.lungbd. Also available at “www.lungbd.org/pdf/8.pdf”
[6]. Myung J P, Young K K, Kyung H K, Kwan H L, Jin H L, Sung C L, Ki S J, Dong H S, Jee H Y, ‘Survey of COPD Management among the Primary Care Physician in Korea’. Journal of COPD. 2008, 1.
[7]. Rhona J B, Derek L, Michael C R, Robert A S, 2008. ‘Report 5 of The National Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Audit survey of COPD care within UK General Practices’. The Royal College of Physicians of London, British Thoracic Society and British Lung Foundation. 2008, 10-16.
[8]. Soriano J B, Kiri V A, Pride N B, Vestbo J, ‘Inhaled Corticosteroids With/Without Long-Acting beta-Agonists Reduce the Risk of Rehospitalization and Death in COPD Patients’. American Journal of Respiratory Medicine. 2003, 67-74.
[9]. Davies L, Angus RM, Paul M A, ‘Oral corticosteroids in patients admitted to hospital with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective randomized controlled trial’. Lancet. vol: 354, 1999, pp: 456—460.
[10]. Kok P H and Alison B H, ‘A Simple Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program Improves Health Outcomes and Reduces Hospital Utilization in Patients with COPD’. Chest. 2003, 4-5.