Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Imidazole and its derivatives have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their broad spectrum of biological activities. This heterocyclic moiety is of significant interest to medicinal chemists for exploring its diverse pharmacological potential. The present article reviews the chemistry of imidazole and highlights its pharmacological activities, including antihelmintic, anticancer, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory effects, based on studies of various synthesized derivatives.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature survey was conducted using research articles and published reports that describe the chemistry of imidazole and the pharmacological evaluation of its structurally modified derivatives.
Results: Available data indicate that imidazole, a heteroatomic planar five-membered ring system, exhibits versatile chemistry with diverse physicochemical properties. These properties can be effectively modulated through structural modifications, leading to derivatives with varied pharmacological activities. The present review summarizes the effects of different substituents and moieties incorporated into the imidazole nucleus and their influence on biological activity.
Conclusion: The review discusses various synthetic approaches to imidazole and its derivatives, emphasizing their chemical characteristics. Based on these chemical insights, different substituted and fused imidazole compounds are analyzed for their potential pharmacological applications.