Main Article Content
Abstract
Preservatives are essential components of pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations to prevent microbial contamination and maintain product quality throughout storage and use. Conventional synthetic preservatives, although widely employed, are increasingly associated with safety concerns such as skin irritation, hypersensitivity reactions, endocrine disruption, and environmental persistence. These challenges have encouraged the development of alternative preservation strategies based on natural and sustainable sources. Herbal preservatives derived from medicinal plants possess inherent antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties; however, their practical application is often limited by poor stability, low solubility, and inconsistent efficacy. The integration of nanotechnology has led to the development of herbal nano gel preservatives, which enhance the stability, bioavailability, and antimicrobial performance of plant-derived bioactive compounds. Nanogel systems provide controlled release, improved interaction with microbial cells, and prolonged preservation action while reducing the overall preservative concentration. This review focuses on herbal nano gel preservatives, emphasizing natural plant sources, classification, formulation approaches, current market trends, applications, and advantages in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Herbal nano gel preservatives represent a promising and eco-friendly alternative to conventional preservative systems.