Main Article Content
Abstract
Background
Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease that affects about 1 billion individuals worldwide1. It is defined conventionally as sustained increase in blood pressure ≥ 140/90mmHg. In India the prevalence of hypertension is 25% in urban population and 10% in rural population The WHO reports that hypertension is responsible for 62% of cerebrovascular disease and 49% ischemic heart disease with little variation by sex.
Aims and objectives
To compare the efficacy and adverse effect profile of telmisartan and enalapril maleate in essential hypertensive patients. 2. To compare the incidence of adverse effects in both telmisartan and enalapril groups.
Methods
This was a prospective, observational study conducted on outpatients attending Medicine OPD in SMC/GGH, Vijayawada. A total of 80 patients were recruited in the study and divided in to two groups with 40 patients in each group. The total period of the study was 3 months. Clinical examination findings, investigations and relevant history were obtained from studied patients and entered in the proforma. Periodic recording of blood pressure was done for every 2,6 and 12weeks. Laboratory investigation were carried out before initiation of therapy and at the end of the study.
Results
Essential hypertension was more in the age group of 50-55 years accounting for n=24 followed by 40-44yrs which was n=20. After 12 weeks of therapy in essential hypertension group systolic blood pressure was reduction to normal level was 85% with telmisartan and 70% with Enalapril maleate. Diastolic B.P. reduction was 70% with telmisartan and 60% with Enalapril maleate treatment in patients after 12 weeks of treatment. Cough – 2.5% telmisartan group, 10% in Enalapril maleate group, between 10-12 weeks. Rash – observed equally 2.5% in telmisartan group.
Conclusion
In the present study both telmisartan and enalapril maleate reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressures in both Groups at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks almost equally. But in terms of adverse effect profile, persistent dry cough was observed in 10% of enalapril maleate treated group and 2.5% in telmisartan treated group. Rash was observed 2.5% with both drugs. Telmisartan is effective and better tolerated than enalapril in the treatment hypertension.
Keywords
Article Details
References
- [1]. Mess.Messerli PH, Williams B, Ritz E. Essential hypertension. Lancet 370, 2007, 591-603.
- [2]. Gupta S.P.et al. Ind. Heart.J 29, 1977, 53.
- [3]. Julienne K. Kirk, Angiotension II receptor antagonists: Their place in therapy, American Academy of Family Physicians –1999.
- [4]. BHS Guidelines – 2006.
- [5]. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al, seventh report of the joint/National committee on prevention, detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood pressure. Hypertension, 42, 2003, 1206-1252.
- [6]. Tripathi K.D. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 6, 2008, 485, 539 (Hutorn)
- [7]. Micardis/Package insert, Boehringer Ingelheinm Pharmaceuticals/USD Unger T/Blood Pressure lowering and renin angiotensin system blockade/J.Hypertens.
- [8]. Laurence L.Brunton, John S.Lazo, Keith L Parker Goodmann and Gilman-The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 11th edition, USA, Mc Graw-Hill Companies; 802, 2006, 808, 809.
- [9]. ZouZ, Xi GL, Yuan HB, Zhu QF, Shi XY – “Telmisartan Vs angiotension converting enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension: a meta analysis of randomized controlled trials-J Hum Hytens. 6, 2008.
- [10]. Plavanil FL a multicentre open lable study of the efficacy and safety of telmisartan in mild to moderate hypertensive patients/*Arq Bras Cardiol, 79(4), 2002, 339-50.
References
[1]. Mess.Messerli PH, Williams B, Ritz E. Essential hypertension. Lancet 370, 2007, 591-603.
[2]. Gupta S.P.et al. Ind. Heart.J 29, 1977, 53.
[3]. Julienne K. Kirk, Angiotension II receptor antagonists: Their place in therapy, American Academy of Family Physicians –1999.
[4]. BHS Guidelines – 2006.
[5]. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al, seventh report of the joint/National committee on prevention, detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood pressure. Hypertension, 42, 2003, 1206-1252.
[6]. Tripathi K.D. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 6, 2008, 485, 539 (Hutorn)
[7]. Micardis/Package insert, Boehringer Ingelheinm Pharmaceuticals/USD Unger T/Blood Pressure lowering and renin angiotensin system blockade/J.Hypertens.
[8]. Laurence L.Brunton, John S.Lazo, Keith L Parker Goodmann and Gilman-The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 11th edition, USA, Mc Graw-Hill Companies; 802, 2006, 808, 809.
[9]. ZouZ, Xi GL, Yuan HB, Zhu QF, Shi XY – “Telmisartan Vs angiotension converting enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension: a meta analysis of randomized controlled trials-J Hum Hytens. 6, 2008.
[10]. Plavanil FL a multicentre open lable study of the efficacy and safety of telmisartan in mild to moderate hypertensive patients/*Arq Bras Cardiol, 79(4), 2002, 339-50.