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Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is one of the most common kidney problems and occurs when the body is exposed to a drug or toxin that causes damage to the kidneys. To investigate the Nephroprotective activity of ethanol extract of Heliotropium indicum on Gentamicin induced Nephrotoxicity in male Wistar rats. In this model of Nephrotoxicity, 30 adult male wistar rats (150-200gms) were evenly divided into 5 groups. Group-1 and Group-2 served as untreated and model controls respectively, while Group-3, 4 and 5 were the treatments groups which were simultaneously treated with standard, 200 and 400 mg/kg extract respectively, after each dose Gentamicin (80 mg/kg, i.p.) for 10 day. On 11th day, blood samples for biochemical parameters, while the rats kidneys for histology were obtained under inhaled diether anaesthesia. Gentamicin treatment caused Nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in blood urea, uric acid and Creatinine. Co-administration of extract with Heliotropium indicum decreased rise in blood urea, uric acid and Creatinine. Apart from these, histopathological changes also showed the protective nature of extract against Gentamicin induced necrotic damage of renal tissues. It was observed that the ethanol extract of conferred nephroprotective activity by histopathological and biochemical observation against Gentamicin induced Nephrotoxicity in rats. In the near future could constitute a lead to discovery of a novel drug for treatment of drug induced Nephrotoxicity.
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References
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- 14. Rao efImamdi, Marjode Graauw,Bobvande Water. ProteinkinaseC mediates cisplatin-induced loss of adherens junctions followed by apoptosis of renal proximal Tubular epithelial cells.J Pharmacol ExpThera.2004;311(3):892-903.
- 15. Tetsuo yasumasu, Toyofumi Ueda, Jiro Uozumi, Yukitaka Mihara,Yasuhiro Koikawa,Joichi Kumazawa.Ultra structural alterations and DNA synthesis of renal cell nuclei following cisplatin or carboplatin injection in rats .J Pharm Pharmacol.1992 ;44 :885-87.
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References
1. Arthur Guyton C. Text book of medical physiology. 10thEd. Harcourt publisher International company, Singapore; 2000:264-379. el. Year 1997, Page No. 486-491.
2. Herfindal, Gourley. Textbook of therapeutic drug and disease management.7thEdn. Charcil Livingstone, London;2000:425-36.
3. Barry M, Brenner, Floyd C, Rector. The kidney 6th Ed.Vol I, W.B.Saunders. Company, Philadelphia;2000 :3-67.
4. Paul Munson L. Principles of pharmacology, Basic concepts and clinical applications. Chapmanan d Hall IT Pan international Thomson publishing company, NewYork;685.
5. Best, Taylors. Physiological basis of medical practice.11th Ed. Williams and Wilkins. London; 1984:451-544.
6. Goodman, Gilman’s. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics.10th Ed.Megrow.
7. Vijay Kumar K, Naidu MUR, Anwar A,Shifow, Ratnakar KS. Probucol protect against gentamian induced nephrotoxicity in rats.Ind J Pharmacol.2000;32:108-13. 69.
8. Mahadev Rao, Rao MN A.Protective effect of selcomethionine against cisplatin induced renaltoxicity in mice and rats. J Pharm Pharmacol.1998;50:687-91.
9. Marieke Kruidering, Bob VanDe Water, Emile DeHeer, Gerard MulderJ, Fred NagelkerkeJ .Cisplatin-inducednephrotoxicity inporcin eproximal tubularcells: Mitochondiral dysfunction by inhibition of complexes I to IV of the respiratory chain.J PharmacolExpThera.1997;280(2):638-49.
10. Devi PriyaS,Shyamala Devi CS.Protective effect of quercetin in cisplatin induced cell injury in the rat kidney. Ind J Pharmacol.1999;31:422-26.
11. Brain Cummings S, Jane Mc Howat, Rick Schnellmann G.Role of endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 In cisplatin –induced renal cell Apoptosis .J Pharmacol Exp Thera.2004 ;308 (3): 921-28.
12. Pierre Marche, Sophie Koutouzov, Arlette Girard.Impairment of membrane phosphoinositide metabolism by aminoglycoside anti-biotics: Steptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin, dibekacin, gentamicin and enomycin. JPharmacol Exp Thera. 1983; 227 (2): 415-20.
13. Matthew Bartosiewicz J,David Jenkins, Sharron Penn, Jennifer Emery, Alan Buckpitt. Unique gene expression patterns in liver and kidney associated with exposure to chemical toxicants.J Pharmacol ExpThera.2001;297(3):895-905.
14. Rao efImamdi, Marjode Graauw,Bobvande Water. ProteinkinaseC mediates cisplatin-induced loss of adherens junctions followed by apoptosis of renal proximal Tubular epithelial cells.J Pharmacol ExpThera.2004;311(3):892-903.
15. Tetsuo yasumasu, Toyofumi Ueda, Jiro Uozumi, Yukitaka Mihara,Yasuhiro Koikawa,Joichi Kumazawa.Ultra structural alterations and DNA synthesis of renal cell nuclei following cisplatin or carboplatin injection in rats .J Pharm Pharmacol.1992 ;44 :885-87.
16. Masuda H,Tanaka, T,Takahama U.Cisplatin generates superoxide anion by interaction with DNA in a cell free system. Biochem Biophys ResCommun.1994;1175-80.